METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR cDNA SYNTHESIS AND SINGLE-CELL TRANSCRIPTOME PROFILING USING TEMPLATE SWITCHING REACTION

ABSTRACT

This application discloses methods for cDN′A synthesis with improved reverse transcription, template switching and preamplification to increase both yield and average length of cDNA libraries generated from individual cells. The new methods include exchanging a single nucleoside residue for a locked nucleic acid (INA) at the TSO 3′ end, using a methyl group donor, and/or a MgCb concentration higher than conventionally used. Single-cell transcriptome analyses incorporating these differences have full-length coverage, improved sensitivity and accuracy, have less bias and are more amendable to cost-effective automation. The invention also provides cDNA molecules comprising a locked nucleic acid at the 3′-end, compositions and cDNA libraries comprising these cDNA molecules, and methods for single-cell transcriptome profiling.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/869,220, filed Aug. 23, 2014, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to methods for synthesis of double stranded cDNA with improved yield and average length, and cDNA molecules synthesized and cDNA libraries generated from individual cells.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Single-cell gene expression analyses hold promise to characterize cellular heterogeneity, but current methods sacrifice either the coverage, sensitivity or throughput. Several methods exist for full-length cDNA construction from large amounts of RNA, including cap enrichment procedures (Maruyama, K. & Sugano, S., Gene 138, 171-174 (1994); Carninci, P. & Hayashizaki, Y., Meth. Enzymol. 303, 19-44 (1999); Das, M., et al., Physiol. Genomics 6, 57-80 (2001)), but it is still challenging to obtain full-length coverage from single-cell amounts of RNA. Existing methods use either 3′ end polyA-tailing of cDNA (e.g., Tang, F. et al., Nat. Methods 6, 377-382 (2009); Sasagawa, Y. et al., Genome Biol. 14, R31 (2013)) or template switching (Zhu, Y. Y., et al., BioTechniques 30, 892-897 (2001); Ramsköld, D. et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 30, 777-782 (2012)), whereas other methods sacrifice full-length coverage altogether for early multiplexing (Islam, S. et al., Genome Res. (2011). doi:10.1101/gr.110882.110; Hashimshony, T., et al., Cell Rep. 2, 666-673 (2012)). It has recently been shown that Smart-Seq, which relies on template switching, has more even read coverage across transcripts than polyA-tailing methods (Ramskold, D. et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 30, 777-782 (2012)), consistent with the common use of template switching in applications designed to directly capture RNA 5′ ends, including nanoCAGE (Plessy, C. et al., Nat. Methods 7, 528-534 (2010)) and STRT (Islam, S. et al., Genome Res. (2011). doi:10.1101/gr.110882.110). Single-cell applications utilizing template switching are dependent upon the efficiency of the reverse transcription, the template switching reaction, and a uniform polymerase chain reaction (PCR) preamplification to obtain representative cDNA in sufficient amounts for sequencing. Despite the widespread use of these reactions, no systematic efforts to improve cDNA library yield and average length from single-cell amounts have been reported.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides improved methods for synthesis of cDNA, in particular, in the reverse transcription, template switching and preamplification of single cell applications utilizing template switching reactions, to increase both yield and average length of cDNA libraries generated from individual cells. Single-cell transcriptome analyses incorporating these differences have improved sensitivity and accuracy, and are less biased and more amenable to cost-effective automation.

Specifically, to improve full-length transcriptome profiling from single cells, this application discloses evaluation of a large number of variations to reverse transcription, template switching oligonucleotides (TSO) and PCR preamplification, and comparison of the results to commercial Smart-Seq (hereafter called SMARTer®) in terms of cDNA library yield and length. The modifications disclosed herein surprisingly and significantly increased both the yield and length of the cDNA obtained from as little as 1 ng of starting total RNA.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for preparing DNA that is complementary to an RNA molecule, the method comprising conducting a reverse transcription reaction in the presence of a template switching oligonucleotide (TSO) comprising a locked nucleic acid residue.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of increasing the yield of cDNA, comprising use of an additive, such as a methyl group donor, in the cDNA synthesis. In one embodiment, the methyl group donor is betaine.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of increasing the yield of cDNA, comprising use of an increased concentration of metal salt, for example, MgCl₂, in the synthesis of cDNA.

In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises use of a methyl group donor in combination with an increased concentration of MgCl₂ in the cDNA synthesis. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the method comprises use of methyl group donor betaine in combination with an increased concentration of MgCl₂, which has shown a significant positive effect on the yields of cDNA.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of increasing the average length of a preamplified cDNA, comprising administering dNTPs prior to the RNA denaturation rather than in the reverse transcriptase (RT) master mix.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a cDNA library produced by a method according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides use of a cDNA library produced according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein for single-cell transcriptome profiling.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for analyzing gene expression in a plurality of single cells, comprising the steps of preparing a cDNA library according to a method according to any embodiment disclosed herein; and sequencing the cDNA library.

It has been demonstrated in accordance with the present invention that these methods performed on purified RNA are applicable to individual metazoan cells, including for example mammalian cells.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a template switching oligonucleotide (TSO) comprising an LNA at its 3′-end.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides use of a TSO according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein for synthesis of double stranded cDNA.

These and other aspects of the present invention will be better appreciated by reference to the following drawings and detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates improvements in cDNA library yield and length. (A) Median yield of preamplified cDNA from 1 ng total RNA using different template switching oligonucleotides, relative to those obtained using the rG3 oligo. All oligo sequences are found in Table 1. (B) Median yield of preamplified cDNA from 1 ng total RNA in reactions with betaine (black) or without (gray) and as a function of increasing Mg²⁺ concentration, relative to cDNA yields obtained using SMARTer®-like conditions (betaine and 6 mM Mg²⁺). (C) Length of preamplified cDNA generated from 1 ng total mouse brain RNA in reactions that deployed dNTPs prior to RNA denaturation (early) or in RT master mix (late). (D) Median yield of preamplified cDNA from HEK293T cells using the LNA-G and SMARTer® IIA template switching oligos with the optimized protocol. Dashed lines indicate median yield from commercial SMARTer® reactions. (E) Median yield of preamplified cDNA from DG-75 cells in reactions with or without betaine. (F) Lengths of cDNA libraries generated from single HEK293T cells in reactions with or without bead extraction. Note that brain mRNAs are naturally longer than cell line mRNAs. (A-F) The replicate measurements are represented as boxplots with the numbers of replicates per condition indicated in parenthesis. Significant differences in mean yield or length were determined using the Student's t-test.

FIG. 2 illustrates sensitive full-length transcriptome profiling in single cells. (A) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in replicate cells, binned according to expression level. All pair-wise comparisons were performed within replicates for the optimized protocol and SMARTer® and reported as the mean and 90% confidence interval. (B) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates within replicates in bins of genes sorted according to expression levels. Error bars, s.e.m. (n≧4). (C) The mean numbers of genes detected in HEK293T cells using SMARTer® and optimized protocol, at different RPKM cut-offs. Significant increase in gene detection in the optimized protocol was obtained at all RPKM thresholds (all with p<0.5; Student's t-test). (D) The mean fraction of genes detected as expressed (RPKM>1) in bins of genes sorted according to their GC content. The mRNA-Seq data from a human tissue was included as a no-preamplification control. Error bars denote SEM (n≧4), and the lower panel shows the GC range for genes in each bin. (E) The mean fraction of reads aligning to the 3′ most 20% of the genes, 5′ most 20% and the middle 60% for single-cell data generated using different protocols. (F) Principal component analyses of single-cell gene expression data showing the two most significant components. Cells are colored according to preamplification enzyme and protocol variant.

FIG. 3 shows cDNA yields using LNA bases in template switching oligonucleotides.

FIG. 4 illustrates single-cell RNA-Seq sensitivity and variability. (A) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in replicate cells. (B) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates.

FIG. 5 illustrates validation of single-cell RNA-Seq results using another analysis pipeline. (A) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in replicate cells. (B) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates. (C) The mean numbers of genes detected. (D) The mean fraction of genes detected as expressed. (E) The mean fraction of reads aligning to the 3′ most 20% of the genes, 5′ most 20% and the middle 60% for single-cell data generated using different protocols.

FIG. 6 illustrates comparison of single-cell transcriptomic data generated with Smart-Seq2, Quartz-Seq and SMARTer. (A) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in replicate cells. All pair-wise comparisons were performed with Smart-Seq2 and Quartz-seq, and reported as the mean and 90% confidence interval. (B) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates in (A). (C) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in replicate cells. All pair-wise comparisons were performed with Smart-Seq2 and SMARTer®, and reported as the mean and 90% confidence interval. (D) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates in (C). (E) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in replicate cells. All pair-wise comparisons were performed with Quartz-seq, and reported as the mean and 90% confidence interval. (F) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates in (E).

FIG. 7 illustrates mapping statistics for single-cell libraries generated using SMARTer, optimized Smart-Seq and variants of the optimized protocol. (A) Fraction of uniquely aligned reads with 1 to 9 mismatches for each single-cell RNA-Seq library. (B) Percentage of reads that aligned uniquely, aligned to multiple genomic coordinates, or did not align for all single-cell RNA-Seq libraries. (C) Fraction of uniquely aligned reads that mapped to exonic, intronic or intergenic regions. (D) Number of sequenced reads per cell and library preparation protocol.

FIG. 8 illustrates gene expression and GC levels in single-cell RNA-Seq protocols.

FIG. 9 illustrates single-cell RNA-Seq sensitivity and variability. (A) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in replicate cells. (B) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates.

FIG. 10 illustrates read coverage across genes in single-cell RNA-Seq data.

FIG. 11 illustrates read coverage across transcripts. (A) Mean fraction coverage read for all genes. (B)-(F) Transcripts grouped by length into 5 equal-sized bins.

FIG. 12 illustrates read peaks in single-cell RNA-Seq data. (A) Number of genes with one or more high density peaks per single-cell RNA-Seq library. (B) Heatmaps of read densities across genes with peaks in the highest number of libraries.

FIG. 13 illustrates assessment of the technical and biological variability in single-cell transcriptomics using Smart-Seq2. (A) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in dilutions of HEK cells. (B) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates for (A). (C) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected in dilutions of HEK total RNA. (D) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates for (D). (E) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates for (D) with pair-wise comparisons of individual cells.

FIG. 14 illustrates comparison of libraries generated with commercial Tn5 (Nextera) to in-house produced Tn5. (A) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected using in-house conditions. (B) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates for (A). (C) Percentage of genes reproducibly detected using commercial buffers and conditions. (D) Standard deviation in gene expression estimates for (D). (E) Differences in reactions carried out in (A).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This application discloses methods for cDNA synthesis with improved reverse transcription, template switching and preamplification to increase both yield and average length of cDNA libraries generated from individual cells.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for preparing DNA that is complementary to an RNA molecule, comprising the steps of:

annealing a cDNA synthesis primer to the RNA molecule and synthesizing a first cDNA strand to form an RNA-cDNA intermediate; and

conducting a reverse transcriptase reaction by contacting the RNA-cDNA intermediate with a template switching oligonucleotide (TSO), wherein the TSO comprises a locked nucleic acid (LNA) at its 3′-end, under conditions suitable for extension of the first DNA strand that is complementary to the RNA molecule, rendering it additionally complementary to the TSO.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the reverse transcription reaction is conducted in the presence of a methyl group donor and a metal salt.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the methyl group donor is betaine.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the metal salt is a magnesium salt.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the magnesium salt has a concentration of at least 7 mM, at least 8 mM, or at least 9 mM.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the template switching oligonucleotide optionally comprises one or two ribonucleotide residues.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the template switching oligonucleotide comprises at least one or two ribonucleotide residues and an LNA residue.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the at least one or two ribonucleotide residues are riboguanine.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the locked nucleic acid residue is selected from the group consisting of locked guanine, locked adenine, locked uracil, locked thymine, locked cytosine, and locked 5-methylcytosine.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the locked nucleic acid residue is locked guanine.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the locked nucleic acid residue is at the 3′-most position.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the template switching oligonucleotide comprises at the 3′-end two ribonucleotide residues and one locked nucleotide residue characterized by formula rGrG+N, wherein +N represents a locked nucleotide residue.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the template switching oligonucleotide comprises rGrG+G.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the methyl group donor is betaine, and the metal salt is MgCl₂ at a concentration of at least 9 mM.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises amplifying the DNA strand that is complementary to the RNA molecule and the template switching oligonucleotide using an oligonucleotide primer.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the template switching oligonucleotide is selected from the oligonucleotides in Table S2.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the cDNA synthesis primer is an oligo-dT primer.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the cDNA is synthesized on beads comprising an anchored oligo-dT primer.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the oligo-dT primer comprises a sequence of 5′-AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGTACT₃₀VN-3′, wherein “N” is any nucleoside base, and “V” is selected from the group consisting of “A”, “C” and “G”.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises PCR preamplification, tagmentation, and final PCR amplification.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the PCR preamplification is conducted without purifying the cDNA obtained from reverse transcription reaction.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the RNA is total RNA in a cell.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a cDNA library produced by the method according to any embodiment disclosed herein.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides use of a cDNA library produced by the method according to any embodiment disclosed herein for single-cell transcriptome profiling.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for analyzing gene expression in a plurality of single cells, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a cDNA library produced by the method according to any embodiment disclosed herein; and sequencing the cDNA library.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a template switching oligonucleotide (TSO) comprising a locked nucleotide residue at the 3′-end. The TSOs of the present invention can be used in the synthesis of cDNA to improve yield and length.

In another embodiment, the TSO comprises three nucleotide residues at the 3′-end, wherein said three nucleotide residues are selected from the group consisting of +N+N+N, N+N+N, NN+N, rN+N+N, and rNrN+N, wherein N at each occurrence is independently a deoxyribonucleotide residue, rN at each occurrence is independently a ribonucleotide residue, and +N at each occurrence is independently a locked nucleotide residue.

In one embodiment, the portion of the ISO that is on the 5′ side of the three nucleotide residues at the 3′-end, also referred to herein as the 5′-portion, comprises an arbitrary nucleotide sequence comprised of ribonucleotides, deoxyribonucleotides, or mixtures thereof. In one preferred embodiment, the 5′-portion of the TSO comprises all ribonucleotides. In another preferred embodiment, the 5′-portion of the TSO comprises all deoxyribonucleotides.

In another embodiment, the locked nucleotide residue in the TSOs is selected from the group consisting of locked guanine, locked adenine, locked uracil, locked thymine, locked cytosine, and locked 5-methylcytosine

In another embodiment, the three nucleotide residues at the 3′-end of the TSOs are NN+G or rNrN+G, wherein N at each occurrence is independently a deoxyribonucleotide residue, and rN at each occurrence is independently a ribonucleotide residue.

In another embodiment, the three nucleotide residues at the 3′-end of the TSOs are rGrG+N, wherein +N is locked nucleotide residue.

In another embodiment, the three nucleotide residues at the 3′-end of the TSOs are rGrG+G.

The TSOs preferably have a length of from about 10 to about 50 nucleotides, or from about 15 to about 45 nucleotides, or from about 20 to about 40 nucleotides, or from about 24 to about 35 nucleotides, or about 30 nucleotides.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides use of a ISO according to any one of the embodiments disclosed herein in the synthesis of a cDNA.

Examples of metal cations useful for the present invention include, but are not limited to, Mg²⁺ and Mn²⁺, with Mg²⁺ preferred; and their concentrations can be in the range of 0-30 μM, inclusive, with a preferred range of 3-20 μM, and a more preferred range of 9-12 μM.

In addition to methyl donor betaine, other additives that may be added in the cDNA synthesis of the present invention include, but are not limited to, trehalose, sucrose, glucose, maltose, DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), formamide, non-ionic detergents, TMAC (tetramethylammonium chloride), 7-deaza-2′-deoxyguanosine (dC⁷GTP), bovine serum albumin (RSA), and T4 gene 32 protein.

The present invention is applicable to reactions using all reverse transcriptases that are MMLV-related and have template switching activity. MMLV-related reverse transcriptases include wild-type Moloney murine leukemia virus and its variants, including for example derivatives lacking RNase H activity such as SUPER-SCRIPT II (Invitrogen), POWER SCRIPT (BD Biosciences) and SMART SCRIBE (Clontech). TSOs useful for the present invention may comprise barcodes, including but not limited to molecular barcodes or sample barcodes.

The cDNA synthesized according to the present invention may have applications as cDNA synthesized according to any literature methods, including but not limited to construction of small quantity cDNA library, single-cell cDNA analyses, single-cell gene expression analyses, few-cell cDNA analyses, few-cell gene expression analyses, single-cell qPCR analyses (that use this preamplification step), and cap capturing based amplification.

The following non-limiting examples illustrate certain aspects of the present invention.

EXAMPLES Example 1 Methods Experiments Using Total RNA

RNA experiments were performed using the Control Total RNA supplied with the SMARTer® Ultra Low RNA Kit for IIlumina Sequencing (Clontech), extracted from mouse brain. One microliter of a 1 ng/μl solution was used in each experiment and mixed with 1 μl of anchored oligo-dT primer (10 mM, 5′-AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGTACT₃₀VN-3′, where “N” is any base and “V” is either “A”, “C” or “G”) and 1 μl of dNTP mix (10 mM, Fermentas), denaturated at 72° C. for 3 min and immediately placed on ice afterwards. Seven μl of the first strand reaction mix containing 0.50 μl SuperScript II RT (200 U ml-1, Invitrogen), 0.25 μl RNAse inhibitor (20 U ml-1, Clontech), 2 μl Superscript II First-Strand Buffer (5×, Invitrogen), 0.25 μl DTT (100 mM, Invitrogen), 2 μl betaine (S M, Sigma), 0.9 μl MgCl₂ (100 mM, Sigma), 1 μl TSO (10 μM, the complete list of the oligos can be found in Table S1) and 0.1 μl Nuclease-free water (Gibco) were added to each sample. Reverse transcription reaction was carried out by incubating at 42° C. for 90 min, followed by 10 cycles of (50° C. for 2 min, 42° C. for 2 min). Finally, the RT was inactivated by incubation at 70° C. for 15 min.

PCR Pre-Amplification

In the original Smart-Seq protocol purification with Ampure XP beads is performed after first strand cDNA synthesis. PCR is then carried out directly on the cDNA immobilized on the beads, after adding 2 μl Advantage 2 Polymerase Mix (50×, Clontech), 5 μl Advantage 2 PCR Buffer (10×, Clontech), 2 μl d dNTP mix (10 mM, Clontech), 2 μl IS PCR primer (12 μM, Clontech) and 39 μl nuclease-free water to a final reaction volume of 50 μl. In the present examples the cDNA was not purified after RT but just added the same PCR master mix, taking into account that the volume after first strand cDNA synthesis is 10 μl and adjusting the amount of water accordingly. Reaction was incubated at 95° C. 1 min, then cycled 15 times between (95° C. 15 sec, 65° C. 30 sec, 68° C. 6 min), with a final extension at 72° C. for 10 min.

A second modification that significantly improved cDNA yield was the replacement of Advantage 2 Polymerase mix with KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix (KAPA Biosystems). Purification after first strand cDNA synthesis was omitted also in this case. The PCR master mix had the following composition: 25 μl KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix (2×, KAPA Biosystems), 1 μl IS PCR primers (10 mM, 5′-AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT-3′) and 14 μl nuclease-free water (Gibco). The program used was as follows: 98° C. 3 min, then 15 cycles of (98° C. 15 sec, 67° C. 20 sec, 72° C. 6 min), with a final extension at 72° C. for 5 min.

Regardless of the PCR protocol used, PCR was purified using a 1:1 ratio of AMPure XP beads (Beckman Coulter), performing the final elution in 15 μl of EB solution (Qiagen). Library size distribution was checked on a High-Sensitivity DNA chip (Agilent Bioanalyzer) after a 1:5 dilution. The expected average size should be around 1.5-2.0 kb and the fraction of fragments below 300 bp should be negligible. To evaluate the performance of the different modifications introduced in the protocol, the amount of cDNA comprised in the interval 300-9000 by in the Agilent Bioanalyzer plot was assessed.

Tagmentation Reaction and Final PCR Amplification

Five nanograms of cDNA were then used for the tagmentation reaction carried out with Nextera® DNA Sample Preparation kit (Illumine), adding 25 μl of 2× Tagment DNA Buffer and 5 μl of Tagment DNA Enzyme, in a final volume of 50 μl. Tagmentation reaction was incubated at 55° C. for 5 min, followed by purification with DNA Clean & Concentrator™-5 kit (Zymo Research) with a final elution in 20 μl Resuspension Buffer (RSB) from the Nextera® kit. The whole volume was then used for limited-cycle enrichment PCR, along with 15 μl of Nextera® PCR Primer Mix (NPM), 5 μl of Index 1 primers (N7xx), 5 μl of Index 2 primers (N5xx) and 5 μl of PCR Primer Cocktail (PPC). A second amplification round was performed as follows: 72° C. 3 min, 98° C. 30 sec, then 5 cycles of (98° C. 10 sec, 63° C. 30 sec, 72° C. 3 min). Purification was done with a 1:1 ratio of AMPure XP beads and samples were loaded on a High-Sensitivity DNA chip to check the quality of the library, while quantification was done with Qubit High-Sensitivity DNA kit (Invitrogen). Libraries were diluted to a final concentration of 2 nM, pooled and sequenced on Illumina HiSeq 2000.

Single-cell cDNA isolation

Single HEK293T (human), DG-75 (human), C2C12 (mouse) and MEF (mouse) cells were manually picked under the microscope after resuspension in PBS. Volume of liquid was kept as low as possible, usually below 0.5 μl and preferably below 0.3 μl. Cells were then transferred to a 0.2 ml thin-wall PCR tube containing 2 μl of a mild hypotonic lysis buffer composed of 0.2% Triton X-100 (Sigma) and 2 U/μl of RNAse inhibitor (Clontech). Cells already picked were kept on ice throughout the process or stored at −80° C. if not used immediately. All the downstream steps were the same as when using total RNA (see above), with the only exception of the quality control with the High Sensitivity DNA chip, where samples were loaded pure (without dilution), due to the limited amount of cDNA obtained from RI in single cells.

When working with total RNA it was observed that cDNA yield could be increased using a double amount of TSO or different combinations of TSOs and PCR enzymes (data not shown). To validate this finding, some experiments on HEK293T cells were repeated using different amounts of TSO (1 or 2 μl of a 10 μM solution), TSO types (rGrGrG, rGrG+G or rGrG+N) or PCR enzymes (KAPA HiFi or Advantage 2). Sequencing results for the most significant comparisons are reported in Figures S2-S7. The final protocol (i.e. “optimized”) refers to the one using only 1 μl of the 10 μM rGrG+G TSO and KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix as enzyme in the first PCR (without AMPure XP bead purification).

Smart-Seq Experiments

To evaluate and compare the performance of the present method, cDNA libraries were generated with the same total RNA and single cells using the Smart-Seq protocol, following manufacturer's instructions (see Clontech manual). After PCR pre-amplification, 5 ng of cDNA were used for the tagmentation reaction and processed exactly in the same way as described above.

Statistical Analyses of cDNA Yield and Length

Performances of the different protocols were evaluated with regard to cDNA yield and average cDNA length according to the Bioanalyzer in the range of 3009,000 bp. For mouse brain total RNA samples, each experimental variable was evaluated in a pairwise manner selecting a set of experiments where all other variables are identical. Within that set of experiments, the significance for a change in yield or length, between the two variables, was evaluated using Student's t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test (Table 1, sheet B).

In the HEK293T cell experiments each optimized experimental setting was compared to each other, as well as to the SMARTer® protocol, using Student's t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test (Table 3, sheet B). All analyses and figures were produced with using R.

Read Alignments and Gene Expression Estimation

Single-cell libraries were sequenced with Nextera dual indexes (i7+i5) on an Illumina HiSeq 2000, giving 43 bp insert reads after demultiplexing and removing cellular barcodes. The reads were aligned to human (hg19) or mouse (mm10) genomes using STAR v2.2.0 (Dobin et al. Bioinformatics 2013 29(1): 15-21) with default settings and filtered for uniquely mapping reads. Gene expression values were calculated as RPKM values for each transcript in Ensembl release 69 and RefSeq (February 2013) using rpkmforgenes (Ramsköld et al. PLoS Comp Biol., 5, e1000598, 2009).

Single-Cell RNA-Seq Sensitivity and Variability

Analyses of gene detection in single HEK293T cells (FIG. 2A, FIGS. 5A, and 7A) were calculated over all possible pairs of technical replicates from each experimental setting. Genes were binned by expression level in the two samples, and were considered detected if the RPKM was above 0.1 in both samples. The mean for all possible pairs of technical replicates within a group was used together with standard deviation using the adjusted Wald method. Analyses of variation (FIG. 2B and FIGS. 5B & 7B) were also calculated on pairs of samples, binning genes by the mean of log expression, excluding genes below 0.1 RPKM in either sample. As gene expression levels across single cells are often log normally distributed (Bengtsson Genome Res 2005 15(10): 1388-1392), absolute difference in log₁₀ expression values and s.d. were calculated by multiplying mean difference in a bin with 0.886.

Analyses of Read Coverage and GC Tolerance

Gene body coverage was calculated using the RSeQC-2.3.4 package (Wang, Wang and Li. Bioinformatics 2012; 28(16):2184-5) for the longest transcript of all protein coding genes (FIG. 2E and FIG. 8). Gene detection at different GC-content was calculated using longest transcript for all protein coding RefSeq genes that were binned by GC-content into 10 equal sized bins, and the numbers of genes with no detection, or detection at different RPKM cutoffs were calculated (FIG. 2D and FIG. 6).

Read Peak Analyses

Some genes displayed unexplained peaks with high density of reads within the gene body. To identify these regions, the gene bodies of each gene were divided into 101 equally sized bins and each gene with at least one bin with >5 standard deviation read density over the mean read distribution within that gene. In these analyses genes with low expressed genes (those with fewer reads than around 2,000-10,000 reads depending on the sequencing depth per cell) were discarded. The number of such genes in each cell is represented in FIG. 9A. And the genes with peaks in the highest number of HEK239T cells are displayed as heatmaps in FIG. 9B illustrating that the peaks are consistently found at the same position in all experiments.

Example 2

To improve full-length transcriptome profiling from single cells, a large number of variations to reverse transcription, template switching oligonucleotide (TSO) and PCR preamplification (in total 457 experiments) were evaluated, and the results were compared to commercial Smart-Seq (hereafter called SMARTer®) in terms of cDNA library yield and length (Table 1). Importantly, modifications were identified that significantly increased both cDNA yield and length obtained from 1 ng of starting total RNA (Table 1).

In particular, exchanging only a single guanylate for a locked nucleic acid (LNA) guanylate at the TSO 3′ end (rGrG+G), led to a 2-fold increase in cDNA yield relative to the SMARTer® IIA oligo used in commercial Smart-Seq (p=0.003, Student's t-test; FIG. 1a , Table 2 and FIG. 3).

Additionally, it was discovered that the methyl group donor betaine in combination with higher MgCl₂ concentrations had a significant positive effect on yield (2-4 fold increase, p=0.0012, Student's t-test, for all comparisons) (FIG. 1b ). The commercial Smart-Seq buffer has a final concentration of 6 mM MgCl₂, but it was found herein that higher yield is obtained when increasing the concentration to 9 mM or beyond. Finally, the average length of the preamplified cDNA increased with 370 nts when administering dNTPs prior to the RNA denaturation rather than in the RT master mix (p=7.8×10⁻⁹, Student's t-test; FIG. 1c ).

It was further demonstrated that these improvements obtained with purified RNA extended to cDNA reactions performed directly in lysates of individual human and mouse cells. To this end, single-cell cDNA libraries were generated from a total of 262 individual human or mouse cells (159 HEK293T, 34 DG-75, 30 C2C12 and 39 MEF cells) spanning different cell sizes and total RNA contents (Table 3). Analyses of the single-cell cDNA libraries demonstrated higher cDNA yields both with the use of the LNA-containing TSO (3-fold increase, p<0.001, Student's t-test; FIG. 1d ) and with betaine together with high Mg²⁺ concentrations (4-fold increase, p=3.7×10⁻⁶, Student's t-test; FIG. 1e ).

The sensitivity and accuracy of single-cell methods are limited by the efficiency of each sample-processing step. The SMARTer® protocol uses bead purification to remove unincorporated adaptors from the first strand cDNA reaction before the preamplification with Advantage 2 Polymerase (Adv2). However, performing bead purification in small volumes poses a significant recovery challenge for liquid handling automation. It was determined herein that KAPA HiFi Hot Start (KAPA) DNA Polymerase efficiently amplified first-strand cDNA directly after reverse transcription, with no need for prior bead purification. Libraries preamplified without bead purification had no reduction in yield, but the average cDNA length increased with 450 nts (p=2.6×10⁻¹², Student's t-test; FIG. 1f ) demonstrating that KAPA preamplification improves cDNA generation and offers a viable approach for Smart-Seq automation.

To demonstrate the significance of the improved cDNA generation on downstream applications, its impact on single-cell transcriptome profiling was assessed. To this end, single HEK293T cell libraries generated both according to the commercial SMARTer (n=4) and using variations of the present protocol were sequenced (Smart-Seq2, n=35) (Table 4).

The improved conversion of RNA to cDNA should improve gene expression profiling as more original RNA molecules are accessible for sequencing. Indeed, both a significant increase in the ability to detect gene expression (FIG. 2a ) and lowered technical variation for low and medium abundance transcripts were observed (FIG. 2b and FIG. 4). The improved sensitivity of the optimized protocol led to the average detection of 2,372 more genes in each cell (p<0.05 Student's t-test; FIG. 2c ). All these improvements were independently validated using an alternative RNA-Seq alignment and analyses strategy (FIG. 5). Moreover, both better sensitivity and lower variability in single-cell transcriptome data generated with Smart-Seq2 than for data available for Quartz-Seq were obtained (FIG. 6). Although the sequenced libraries had similar mappings characteristics as SMARTer libraries, a 7% increase in unmapped reads was noted (FIG. 7).

Several preamplification enzymes have lower GC bias than the Advantage2 (Adv2) that is used with SMARTer®, indicating that single-cell profiling could also improve with cDNA preamplifications using KAPA. Indeed, the single-cell libraries preamplified with KAPA detected more genes at higher GC levels (FIG. 2d and FIG. 8) and improved sensitivity and accuracy (FIG. 9). When compared with the low coverage of 5′ regions in single-cell data generated through 3′ end polyA-tailing of cDNA, single-cell RNA-Seq libraries that had been preamplified with KAPA had significantly better coverage across the full length of transcripts (p<10⁻⁵, 1.6×10⁻³ for 5′ and 3′ ends respectively, Student's t-test), as they approached the expected fraction of reads at the 5′ and 3′ ends (FIG. 2e and FIGS. 10-11). Importantly, global gene expression profiles from cells preamplified with KAPA and Adv2 separated on the first principal component (FIG. 2f ), demonstrating that preamplification bias had significant impact on absolute expression levels. Regions with artificially large number of reads aligned (i.e. peak) appearing systematically in Smart-Seq irrespectively of preamplification enzyme that necessitated filtering were sequenced (FIG. 12). Together, the data show that preamplification using KAPA improved GC tolerance and read coverage across transcripts.

To determine the extent of technical variability in the single-cell transcriptome profiling with Smart-Seq2, sequencing libraries were generated from dilution series of HEK293T cells (100, 50 and 10 cells) and total RNA (1 ng, 100 pg, 10 pg). Technical losses and variations were small when analyzing 10 cells or more, but considerable variability exists at single-cell levels, as previously observed. It is informative to contrast the technical variability with the biological variability present in cells of the same or different cell type origin (FIG. 13A-D). To this end, additional single-cell transcriptomes were sequenced from DG-75 (n=7), C2C12 (n=6) and MEF (n=7) cells. Analyzing the biological variability between and within cell populations revealed that biological variability associated with cell type specific expression exceeded technical variability at around 50 RPKM, but the exact threshold will depend on the RNA content present in the cell types studied (FIG. 13E).

This invention provides a new protocol that improves sensitivity, accuracy and coverage across transcripts and is more amenable to automation. Moreover, the new protocol costs less than 12% of the current cost per reaction and only 3% when using in-house produced Tn5 (FIG. 14).

Although these results were reached in the context of Smart-Seq single-cell gene expression analyses, these modifications are applicable other single-cell methods that rely on template switching, including those carried out on microfluidic chips (e.g. Fluidigm C1) or inside emulsion droplets.

The foregoing examples and description of the preferred embodiments should be taken as illustrating, rather than as limiting the present invention as defined by the claims. As will be readily appreciated, numerous variations and combinations of the features set forth above can be utilized without departing from the present invention as set forth in the claims. Such variations are not regarded as a departure from the spirit and script of the invention, and all such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.

All references cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

TABLE S1 Tables of cDNA library yield and length starting with purified total RNA Worksheet A lists all 457 cDNA libraries generated from mouse brain total RNA. The general protocol followed for each sample is indicated in the “general protocol” column, with specific information on the template switching oligonucleotide, RT enzyme, PCR enzyme, MgCl2 concentration, betaine, bead purification and dNTPs administration timing detailed in separate columns. Worksheet B contains a list of direct comparisons of variables that effect cDNA library yield and average length using replicate groups that have identical reaction parameters except for the experimental variable evaluated. amount dil. TSO (ul dNTPs Bio- avg of 10 uM purifica- PCR added amount PCR ul ana- additional conc size in 10 ul RT MgCl2 RT betaine tion PCR rxn vol in the other Entry (ng) cycles elution lyzer description (pg/ul) (bp) TSO RT rxn) enzyme (mM) protocol (M) after RT enzyme (ul) beginning? additives 1 1 15 10 1:5 SMARTer kit 318 1669 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 2 1 15 10 1:5 SMARTer kit 263 1857 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — but Oligo IIA 42° C. replacing ISPCR primers 3 1 15 10 1:5 SMARTer kit 172 1784 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — but Oligo IIA 42° C. replacing oligo dT 4 SMARTer kit FAILED SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — 3 mM but Oligo IIA 42° C. MnCl2 replacing FSB 5 1 15 10 1:5 modified 393 1683 SMARTer 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 6 1 15 NA NA modified 121 1780 rG5 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 7 1 15 NA NA modified 1038 1346 rGrGrG 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 8 1 15 NA NA modified 90 1652 rGrGrGp 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 9 1 15 NA NA modified 84 1608 ISO 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 10 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 3628 1838 SMARTer 1 SMARTscrib 6 90′ @ — ye Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 11 1 15 NA NA modified 650 2108 rG5 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 12 1 15 NA NA modified 6423 1852 rGrGrG 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 13 1 15 NA NA modified 666 2187 rGrGrGp 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 14 1 15 NA NA modified 525 2181 ISO 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 15 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 3366 1782 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — but Oligo IIA 42° C. replacing ISPCR primers 16 1 15 NA NA modified 435 1970 ds oligos 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 17 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 1143 1445 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 18 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 1504 1519 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — but Oligo IIA 42° C. replacing ISPCR primers 19 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 1984 1728 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — but Oligo IIA 42° C. replacing ISPCR primers 20 1 15 NA NA modified 1346 1543 SMARTer 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 21 1 15 NA NA modified 1191 1683 SMARTer 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 22 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 103 1420 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — but using Oligo IIA 42° C. Superscript II FSB (3 mM MgCl2) 23 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 192 1609 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — but using Oligo IIA 42° C. Superscript II FSB (3 mM MgCl2 24 SMARTer kit FAILED SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe — 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — 6 mM but using Oligo IIA 42° C. MnCl2 STRT buffer 25 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 1573 2378 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 26 1 15 NA NA modified 246 2024 rG5 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 27 1 15 NA NA modified 1393 1945 rGrGrG 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 28 1 15 NA NA modified 259 2180 rGrGrGp 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 29 1 15 NA NA modified 776 1958 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 30 1 15 NA NA modified 731 1808 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 2 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 31 1 15 NA NA modified 1936 1965 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 32 modified FAILED SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — 3 mM SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. MnCl2 33 modified FAILED SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — 3 mM SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. MnCl2, 5% DMSO 34 1 15 NA NA SMARTer kit 580 2634 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 35 1 15 NA NA modified 166 2208 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 36 1 15 NA NA modified 204 2016 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 37 1 15 NA NA modified 547 2171 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 38 1 15 NA NA modified 640 2028 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit Oligo IIA 42° C. 39 1 15 NA NA modified 145 1938 rGrGrG 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 40 1 15 NA NA modified 224 1841 rGrGrG 1 SMARTscribe 3 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 41 1 15 NA NA modified 496 1863 rGrGrG 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 42 1 15 NA NA modified 493 1911 rGrGrG 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — SMARTer kit 42° C. 43 1 15 20 — in house prot 8431 2226 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 44 1 15 20 — in house prot 8248 2235 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 45 1 15 20 — in house prot 7672 2317 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1.5 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 46 1 15 20 — in house prot 6562 2248 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1.5 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 47 1 15 20 — SMARTer kit 8156 2298 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 48 1 15 20 — in house prot 1744 2592 rGrGrGp 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 49 1 15 20 — in house prot 1820 2585 rGrGrGp 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 50 1 15 20 — in house prot 1591 2541 rGrGrGp 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1.5 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 51 1 15 20 — in house prot 1398 2616 rGrGrGp 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1.5 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 52 1 15 20 — in house prot 2265 2110 dGCGGG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 53 1 15 20 — in house prot 2568 2125 dGCGGG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 54 1 15 20 — in house prot 2263 2079 dGCGGG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 55 1 15 20 — in house prot 691 2290 dGCGGGp 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 56 1 15 20 — in house prot 757 2344 dGCGGGp 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 57 1 15 20 — in house prot 690 2294 dGCGGGp 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 58 1 15 20 — SMARTer kit 6525 2295 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 59 1 15 20 — SMARTer kit 6806 2270 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe 6 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 60 1 15 20 — in house prot, 5922 1861 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB) 61 1 15 20 — in house prot, 5419 1892 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB) 62 1 15 20 — in house prot, 5664 1806 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 60′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored at RT 63 1 15 20 — in house prot, 5554 1800 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 45′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored at RT 64 1 15 20 — in house prot, 5552 1772 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 30′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored at RT 65 1 15 20 — in house prot, 6335 1824 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 10′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored at RT 66 1 15 20 — in house prot, 4904 1700 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 60′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored in the fridge 67 1 15 20 — in house prot, 3938 1544 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 45′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored in the fridge 68 1 15 20 — in house prot, 3793 1585 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 30′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored in the fridge 69 1 15 20 — in house prot, 5312 1824 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — processed 42° C. immediately after adding lysis buffer (LB), 10′ after adding lysis buffer (LB), stored in the fridge 70 1 15 30 — in house prot, 1024 1547 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — 3 mM RT for 42° C. MnCl2 1 h @42° C., then added 3 mM MnCl2 and incubated for 15′ 71 1 15 30 — in house prot, 849 1412 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — 3 mM RT for 42° C. MnCl2 1 h @42° C., then added 3 mM MnCl2 and incubated for 15′ 72 1 15 30 — in house prot, 558 1227 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — 6 mM RT for 42° C. MnCl2 1 h @42° C., then added 6 mM MnCl2 and incubated for 15′ 73 1 15 30 — in house prot, 572 1199 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — 6 mM RT for 42° C. MnCl2 1 h @42° C., then added 6 mM MnCl2 and incubated for 15′ 74 1 15 30 — in house prot 2105 2051 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 75 1 15 30 — in house prot 1664 1809 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 76 100 10 15 1:5 in house prot 3196 1946 2OMe 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 77 100 10 15 1:5 in house prot 8894 1767 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 78 100 10 15 1:5 in house prot 1939 2054 ddC 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 79 100 10 15 1:5 in house prot 1942 1286 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 80 10 12 15 1:5 in house prot 1635 1891 2OMe 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 81 10 12 15 1:5 in house prot 1230 1705 2OMe 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 82 10 12 15 1:5 in house prot 4700 1602 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 83 10 12 15 1:5 in house prot 4051 1717 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 84 10 12 15 1:5 in house prot 733 1904 ddC 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 85 10 12 15 1:5 in house prot 637 1897 ddC 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 86 10 12 15 1:5 in house prot 1104 1556 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 87 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 923 1734 2OMe 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 88 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 842 1620 2OMe 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 89 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3387 1426 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 90 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3609 1473 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 91 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 401 1463 ddC 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 92 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 470 1661 ddC 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 93 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1550 1341 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 94 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1267 1483 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 95 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2176 1438 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 96 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1469 1705 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 97 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2383 1596 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 98 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1431 1807 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 99 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3630 1623 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 100 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1277 1610 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 101 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1884 1462 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 102 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1123 1652 SMARTer 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 103 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 935 1593 SMARTer 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — Oligo IIA 42° C. 104 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2156 1767 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 1 105 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 352 2151 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 1 106 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1729 1611 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 2 107 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 203 2073 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 2 108 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1108 1480 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 1 + elution 109 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 301 1903 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 1 + elution 110 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1337 1522 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 2 + elution 112 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 383 1935 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes KAPA 50 — — KAPA HiFi 42° C. HiFi HS after washing beads 2 + elution 113 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2897 1737 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 114 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1853 1706 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — 42° C. 115 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1492 1563 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 116 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1236 1472 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 117 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1843 1450 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 118 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1465 1346 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 6 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 119 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2996 1597 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 9 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 120 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2654 1530 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 9 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 121 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2159 1487 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 122 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1890 1412 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 123 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1504 1246 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 15 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 124 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1986 1474 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 15 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− 42° C. 125 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1109 1691 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 126 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1090 1752 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 127 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 863 1565 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 128 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 896 1652 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 129 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1078 1655 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 130 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 562 1517 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 131 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 998 1594 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° 0.6 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 132 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 925 1545 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @42° 0.6 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 133 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1155 1618 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 60′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 134 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 603 1433 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 60′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 135 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1561 1716 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 60′ @42° 0.6 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @60° C. 136 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 445 1575 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @50° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then trehalose 90′ @42° C. 137 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1466 1698 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., trehalose 30′ @60° C., then 30′ @42° C. 138 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 703 1580 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @50° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., then trehalose 90′ @42° C. 139 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1397 1740 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., trehalose 30′ @60° C., then 30′ @42° C. 140 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 355 1425 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 60′ @50° 0.6 yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., then trehalose 90′ @42° C. 141 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1654 1598 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII — 90′ @42° 0.6 yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., trehalose 30′ @60° C., then 30′ @42° C. 142 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1470 1480 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 60′ @50° 0.6 yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., then trehalose 90′ @42° C. 143 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1389 1480 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 0.6 yes Advantage 50 — 0.6M C., trehalose 30′ @60° C., then 30′ @42° C. 144 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3959 1641 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10X (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 145 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3816 1732 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10X (2′ @60° C.- 2′ @42° C. 146 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3179 1769 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 0.5 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then 10X trehalose (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C. 147 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3271 1828 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 0.5 yes Advantage 50 — 0.3M C., then 10X trehalose (2′ @60° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 148 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 4081 1706 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 5x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 149 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3858 1771 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 5x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 150 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3711 1781 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 5x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 151 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 4015 1773 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 152 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3671 1753 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 153 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3498 1708 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 154 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3804 1610 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 15x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 155 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3613 1679 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 15x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 156 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 4595 1630 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 15x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 157 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3457 1525 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 20x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 158 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2869 1409 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 20x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 159 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1529 1629 3rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 160 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1901 1728 3rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 161 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1785 1717 3rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 162 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1086 1928 2rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 163 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1128 1846 2rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 164 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 596 1892 phosphate 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 165 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 579 1922 phosphate 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 166 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 546 1830 C6 amino 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 167 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 419 1664 C6 amino 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 168 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3076 1567 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 169 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2889 1465 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 170 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3653 1735 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 171 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2152 1455 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 172 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1454 1084 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 0.816M C., then 10x 1,2 (2′ @50° C.- propandiol 2′ @42° C.) 173 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1331 1106 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 0.816M C., then 10x 1,2 (2′ @50° C.- propandiol 2′ @42° C.) 174 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1373 1089 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 0.816M C., then 10x 1,2 (2′ @50° C.- propandiol 2′ @42° C.) 175 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1904 1453 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 1.075M C., then 10x ethylene (2′ @50° C.- glycol 2′ @42° C.) 176 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2855 1390 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — 1.075M C., then 10x ethylene (2′ @50° C.- glycol 2′ @42° C.) 177 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2571 1670 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− C. 178 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2549 1722 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− C. 179 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 288 1599 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 4 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — Premium C. 180 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 129 1608 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 4 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — Premium C. 181 in house prot FAILED rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− C. 182 in house prot FAILED rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — H− C. 183 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2633 1341 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 12 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — Premium C. 184 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2662 1325 rGrG + G 1 Revertaid 12 90′ @50° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — Premium C. 185 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2814 1674 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 186 in house prot FAILED rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Long PCR 50 — — C., then 10x Enzyme (2′ @50° C.- mix 2′ @42° C.) 187 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 3155 1764 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Phusion 100 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 100 ul 2′ @42° C.) 188 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2740 1793 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Phusion 100 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 100 ul 2′ @42° C.) 189 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1857 1739 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Q5 NEB 100 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 100 ul 2′ @42° C.) 190 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1697 1697 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Q5 NEB 100 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 100 ul 2′ @42° C.) 191 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 3278 1639 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 100 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HiFi HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 100 ul 2′ @42° C.) 192 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 3719 1590 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 100 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HiFi HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 100 ul 2′ @42° C.) 193 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 3816 1630 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Advantage 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 194 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2462 1653 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Advantage 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 195 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2848 1588 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Advantage 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 196 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2012 1669 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Phusion 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 197 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1836 1665 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Phusion 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 198 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2542 1771 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HiFi HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 199 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2393 1808 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x HiFi HS purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 200 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2200 1933 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Advantage 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 201 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 2371 1920 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Advantage 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 202 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1717 1780 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Q5 NEB 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 203 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot, 1868 1759 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Q5 NEB 50 — — PCR w/o C., then 10x purif in (2′ @50° C.- 50 ul 2′ @42° C.) 204 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 40 1772 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 205 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 16 1017 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 206 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 88 1753 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 207 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 61 1557 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 208 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 182 1766 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 209 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 136 1742 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 210 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 279 1701 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 211 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 233 1643 rGrG + G 1 SSRTIII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 212 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 447 1602 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 213 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 363 1541 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 214 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1279 1919 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 215 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1739 1959 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 216 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1861 2063 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 217 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2329 2260 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII) (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 218 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2273 2218 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII) (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 219 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2013 2268 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII, with (2′ @50° C.- dNTPs + 2′ @42° C.) betaine added in the beginning) 220 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1932 2122 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII, with (2′ @50° C.- dNTPs + 2′ @42° C.) betaine added in the beginning) 221 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1877 2009 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII, with (2′ @50° C.- dNTPs + 2′ @42° C.) betaine + MgCl2 added in the beginning) 222 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 989 1963 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII, with (2′ @50° C.- dNTPs + 2′ @42° C.) betaine + MgCl2 added in the beginning) 223 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2269 1316 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII, with (2′ @50° C.- all reagents 2′ @42° C.) except SSRTII added in the beginning) 224 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1926 1292 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII, with (2′ @50° C.- all reagents 2′ @42° C.) except SSRTII added in the beginning) 225 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1536 1297 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (40 u C., then 10x SSRTII, with (2′ @50° C.- all reagents 2′ @42° C.) except SSRTII added in the beginning) 226 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1604 1925 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 227 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1493 1910 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 228 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1540 1924 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 229 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1946 2143 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 230 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1620 2100 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 231 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1724 2059 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 232 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1355 1813 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — (no C., then 10x denaturation (2′ @50° C.- step @72° 2′ @42° C.) C. for oligo-dT (incubated 5′ @RT)) 233 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1330 1810 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — (no C., then 10x denaturation (2′ @50° C.- step @72° 2′ @42° C.) C. for oligo-dT (incubated 5′ @RT)) 234 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1319 1795 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 — — (no C., then 10x denaturation (2′ @50° C.- step @72° 2′ @42° C.) C. for oligo-dT (incubated 5′ @RT)) 235 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1493 1842 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (no C., then 10x denaturation (2′ @50° C.- step @72° 2′ @42° C.) C. for oligo-dT (incubated 5′ @RT)) 236 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1332 1792 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (no C., then 10x denaturation (2′ @50° C.- step @72° 2′ @42° C.) C. for oligo-dT (incubated 5′ @RT)) 237 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1728 2214 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 238 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1620 2283 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 239 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1563 2260 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 240 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1485 2171 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @55° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 241 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1444 2281 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @55° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 242 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1308 2231 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @55° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 243 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1618 2176 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @60° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 244 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1385 2168 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @60° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 245 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1588 2173 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @60° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 246 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1332 2096 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — 42° C. 247 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1376 2054 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — 42° C. 248 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 15 2251 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 55° C. 249 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 22 1988 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 55° C. 250 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 62 2084 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 55° C. 251 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 84 1867 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 55° C. 252 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 633 2065 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 55° C. 253 in house prot FAILED rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 60° C. 254 in house prot FAILED rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 60° C. 255 in house prot FAILED rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 60° C. 256 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 80 1933 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 60° C. 257 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 634 2177 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 50° C. 258 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 684 2195 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 50° C. 259 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1013 2142 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 50° C. 260 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1195 2100 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 50° C. 261 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2192 1858 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 50° C. 262 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2209 1837 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — (+extra DTT) H− 50° C. 263 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 647 2117 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — (NO H− 50° C. extra DTT) 264 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 613 2147 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — (NO H− 50° C. extra DTT) 265 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1442 1989 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 266 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1496 2105 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 267 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1228 2677 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — — KAPA 50 yes — H− 50° C. HiFi HS 268 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 882 2283 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — — Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 269 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2475 2558 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 — KAPA 50 yes — H− 50° C. HiFi HS 270 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1557 2201 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 — Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 271 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 4074 2185 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 — KAPA 50 yes — H− 50° C. HiFi HS 272 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2927 2330 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 — Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 273 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3213 2524 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes — C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 274 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 3359 2662 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 275 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 819 2069 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 276 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 737 2202 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ — yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 277 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1375 1937 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 278 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1426 2008 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 4 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 279 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2773 1848 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 280 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2987 1916 rGrG + G 1 Maxima 12 90′ @ 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — H− 50° C. 281 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2155 2266 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 282 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 2240 2271 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes — C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 283 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 694 2244 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 yes 1M C., then 10x proline (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 284 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 682 2361 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 yes 1M C., then 10x proline (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 285 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 745 2264 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 yes 1M C., then 10x proline (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 286 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 766 2311 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 yes 1M C., then 10x proline (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 287 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 685 2304 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 yes 1M C., then 10x proline (2′ @50° C. 2′ @42° C.) 288 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 642 2226 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — yes Advantage 50 yes 1M C., then 10x proline (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 289 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1133 1873 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 290 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1443 2148 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 291 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1147 2066 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 292 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1322 2084 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 293 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1013 2095 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 294 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 960 2125 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 295 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1296 2129 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes with C., then 10x SMARTer (2′ @50° C.- dT30 2′ @42° C.) (unanchored oligo) 296 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1390 2194 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes with C., then 10x SMARTer (2′ @50° C.- dT30 2′ @42° C.) (unanchored oligo) 297 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1419 2084 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes with C., then 10x SMARTer (2′ @50° C.- dT30 2′ @42° C.) (unanchored oligo) 298 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 5456 2293 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 299 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 5753 2334 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 300 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 5341 2365 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 301 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 2266 1750 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 302 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 1530 1850 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 303 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 1883 1703 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 304 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 2856 1731 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 305 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 3150 2371 rGrG + N 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 306 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 2889 2393 rGrG + N 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 307 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 3773 2302 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 308 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 3744 2318 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 309 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 4113 2390 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 310 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 3903 2309 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 311 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 2649 2436 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 312 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 2856 2422 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 313 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 2674 2412 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 314 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 2641 2427 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 315 1 18 15  1:20 in house prot 5251 2272 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 yes Advantage 50 yes C., then 10x (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 316 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1255 2057 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 317 1 15 15 1:6 in house prot 1135 2123 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 318 1 15 15 1:7 in house prot 925 2224 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 319 1 15 15 1:8 in house prot 790 2326 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 320 1 15 15 1:9 in house prot 9 2866 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 30′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes 1M C., HiFi HS sorbitol + 10′ @50° 0.3M C., trehalose 10′ @55° C. 321 1 15 15  1:10 in house prot 17 2648 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 30′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes 1M C., HiFi HS sorbitol + 10′ @50° 0.3M C., trehalose 10′ @55° C. 322 1 15 15  1:11 in house prot 18 2744 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 30′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes 1M C., HiFi HS sorbitol + 10′ @50° 0.3M C., trehalose 10′ @55° C. 323 1 15 15  1:12 in house prot 14 2844 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 30′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes 1M C., HiFi HS sorbitol + 10′ @50° 0.3M C., trehalose 10′ @55° C. 324 1 15 15  1:13 in house prot 24 2546 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 30′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes 0.75M C., HiFi HS sorbitol + 10′ @50° 0.15M C., trehalose 10′ @55° C. 325 1 15 15  1:14 in house prot 30 2478 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 30′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes 0.75M C., HiFi HS sorbitol + 10′ @50° 0.15M C., trehalose 10′ @55° C. 326 1 15 15  1:15 in house prot 40 2609 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 30′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes 0.75M C., HiFi HS sorbitol + 10′ @50° 0.15M C., trehalose 10′ @55° C. 327 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 3197 2061 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 328 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 3085 2065 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 329 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2627 2134 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 330 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2750 2035 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 331 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 980 1920 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 332 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 997 1863 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 333 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 1055 1925 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 334 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 938 1931 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 335 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2192 2119 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 336 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2122 2046 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 337 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2408 2079 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 338 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 1836 2109 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 339 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2861 2098 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 340 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2518 2086 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 341 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2289 2135 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 342 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2553 2168 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 343 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2571 2134 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 344 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2691 2115 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 345 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2348 2121 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 346 1 18 15  1:10 in house prot 2046 2162 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 50 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 347 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 37 1918 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 348 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 65 1888 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 349 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 46 1976 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 350 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 39 1966 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 351 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 44 1784 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 352 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 95 1791 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 353 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 80 1897 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 3 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 354 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 281 1685 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 355 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 348 1753 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 356 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 204 1734 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 357 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 210 1840 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 358 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 207 1853 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 359 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 285 1801 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 360 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 120 1942 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 361 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 201 1732 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 362 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 395 1808 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 363 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 558 1887 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 364 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 429 1792 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 365 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 340 1779 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 366 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 511 1797 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 367 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 353 1783 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 368 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 365 1785 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 369 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 333 1840 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 370 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 477 1818 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 371 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 517 1754 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 372 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 265 1917 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 373 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 349 1815 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 374 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 255 1763 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 375 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 388 1760 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 376 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 387 1816 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 377 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 635 1928 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 378 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 515 1873 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 379 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 658 1989 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 380 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 602 1905 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 381 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 412 1896 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 382 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 476 1958 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 383 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 422 1853 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 384 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 551 1876 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 385 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1736 1698 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 386 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1294 1750 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 387 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1160 1736 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 388 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1245 1786 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 389 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1234 1733 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 25 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 390 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1654 1684 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 25 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 391 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1327 1696 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 25 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C. 2′ @42° C.) 392 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1713 1596 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 25 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 393 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1428 1667 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 30 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 394 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1274 1711 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 30 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 395 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1471 1651 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 30 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 396 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 1362 1653 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 30 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 397 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 86 1996 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 398 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 66 2002 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 399 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 92 1941 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 400 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 86 1898 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 401 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 85 2071 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 402 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 75 2078 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 403 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 120 2081 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 404 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 150 1984 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 405 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 132 2088 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 406 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 101 2139 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 407 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 131 2221 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 408 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 149 2083 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 409 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 169 2105 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 410 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 195 2020 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 411 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 141 2042 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 412 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 196 2077 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 413 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 123 2133 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 414 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 136 2042 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 415 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 153 2008 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 416 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 166 2111 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° 1 — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 417 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 259 2484 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 418 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 255 2505 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 419 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 231 2493 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 420 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 258 2469 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 421 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 226 2529 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 422 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 280 2402 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 423 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 270 2449 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 424 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 249 2557 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 425 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 423 1680 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 426 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 433 2537 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 427 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 504 2571 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 428 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 483 2002 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 429 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 585 2409 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 430 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 502 2591 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 431 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 541 2533 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 432 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 554 2555 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 433 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 677 2368 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 434 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 792 2287 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 435 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 842 2325 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 436 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 737 2312 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 437 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 831 2233 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 438 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 780 2468 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 439 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 41 2536 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 440 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 28 2646 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 441 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 44 2702 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 442 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 30 2504 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 6 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 443 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 47 2664 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 444 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 54 2652 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 445 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 70 2502 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 446 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 80 2555 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 9 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 447 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 122 2374 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 448 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 138 2368 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 449 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 105 2441 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 450 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 108 2377 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 12 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 451 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 128 2113 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 452 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 147 2049 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 453 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 101 2127 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ 42° C.) 454 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 108 2251 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 15 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 455 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 128 2007 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 456 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 86 2104 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 457 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 98 2147 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) 458 1 15 15 1:5 in house prot 94 1963 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII 20 90′ @42° — — KAPA 25 yes C., then 10x HiFi HS (2′ @50° C.- 2′ @42° C.) B. Analyses of experimental variables effecting cDNA library yield and length To evaluate the effect on cDNA yield and length of each component of the protocol, we compiled groups of replicates from different experiments that only differed in the experimental variable evaluated (column A). These experiments were used to compute Student t-test p-values and Wilcoxon rank sum test p-values for both cDNA yield and cDNA average length. Experi- cDNA Yield cDNA length mental Wilcoxon- mean mean t-test wilcoxon- mean mean Variable t-test test yield yield cDNA test cDNA length length Number of Tested Variant 1 Variant 2 Yield Yield (Var1) (Var2) length length (Var1) (Var2) replicates elution 20 30 2.69E−02 3.33E−01 166.79 56.535 2.43E−01 3.33E−01 2230.5 1930 2 volume (ul) TSO 2rGrG + G 3rGrG + G 3.01E−02 3.33E−01 83.025 138.225 1.50E−01 3.33E−01 1887 1722.5 2 TSO 2rGrG + G C6 amino 4.43E−02 3.33E−01 83.025 36.1875 3.11E−01 3.33E−01 1887 1747 2 TSO 2rGrG + G rGrG + G 2.56E−04 3.33E−01 83.025 299.025 1.71E−01 3.33E−01 1887 1707 2 TSO 2rGrG + G phosphate 1.12E−02 3.33E−01 83.025 44.0625 7.13E−01 1.00E+00 1887 1907 2 TSO 2OMe ddC 2.00E−01 9.52E−02 117.39 62.7 8.95E−01 8.41E−01 1779.2 1795.8 5 TSO 2OMe rGrG + G 2.59E−02 7.94E−03 117.39 369.615 7.72E−02 1.51E−01 1779.2 1597 5 TSO 2OMe rGrGrG 7.68E−01 8.86E−01 123.675 109.9313 8.19E−03 2.86E−02 1797.75 1416.5 4 TSO 2OMe SMARTer — — 69.225 84.225 — — 1734 1652 1 Oligo IIA TSO 3rGrG + G C6 amino 4.11E−03 3.33E−01 138.225 36.1875 8.17E−01 1.00E+00 1722.5 1747 2 TSO 3rGrG + G rGrG + G 1.36E−03 1.00E−01 130.375 285.775 6.09E−01 1.00E+00 1691.3333 1646.3333 3 TSO 3rGrG + G phosphate 2.63E−02 3.33E−01 138.225 44.0625 3.09E−02 3.33E−01 1722.5 1907 2 TSO C6 amino rGrG + G 3.25E−03 3.33E−01 36.1875 299.025 7.44E−01 6.67E−01 1747 1707 2 TSO C6 amino phosphate 3.42E−01 3.33E−01 36.1875 44.0625 2.97E−01 3.33E−01 1747 1907 2 TSO ddC rGrG + G 1.36E−02 7.94E−03 62.7 369.615 1.53E−01 2.22E−01 1795.8 1597 5 TSO ddC rGrGrG 2.16E−01 2.00E−01 66.4313 109.9313 6.64E−02 1.14E−01 1770.5 1416.5 4 TSO ddC SMARTer — — 30.075 84.225 — — 1463 1652 1 Oligo IIA TSO dGCGGG dGCGGGp 2.63E−03 1.00E−01 47.3067 14.2533 9.78E−04 1.00E−01 2104.6667 2309.3333 3 TSO dGCGGG rGrGrG 2.21E−02 1.00E−01 47.3067 150.6733 9.85E−01 7.00E−01 2104.6667 2107.3333 3 TSO dGCGGG rGrGrGp 1.32E−01 3.33E−01 48.33 35.64 2.38E−03 3.33E−01 2117.5 2588.5 2 TSO dGCGGGp rGrGrG 1.37E−02 1.00E−01 14.253 150.6733 2.41E−01 1.00E−01 2309.3333 2107.3333 3 TSO dGCGGGp rGrGrGp 2.47E−03 3.33E−01 14.48 35.64 5.93E−02 3.33E−01 2317 2588.5 2 TSO rGrG + G phosphate 2.41E−03 3.33E−01 299.025 44.0625 1.89E−01 3.33E−01 1707 1907 2 TSO rGrG + G rGrGrG 6.55E−03 4.96E−04 235.7125 82.075 1.71E−01 2.14E−01 1588.8333 1713 12 TSO rGrG + G SMARTer 2.74E−01 3.33E−01 197.6625 77.175 5.20E−02 3.33E−01 1444 1622.5 2 Oligo IIA TSO rGrGrG rGrGrGp 4.64E−04 2.86E−02 154.565 32.765 2.56E−05 2.86E−02 2256.5 2583.5 4 TSO rGrGrG SMARTer 1.62E−01 3.33E−01 106.0125 77.175 4.67E−01 6.67E−01 1475.5 1622.5 2 Oligo IIA MgCl2 0 3 5.27E−01 4.00E−01 65.95 82.975 9.97E−01 1.00E+00 1588.6667 1589 3 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 0 12 6.31E−01 1.00E+00 75.3375 107.2125 7.78E−01 1.00E+00 1511.5 1480 2 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 4 6 3.46E−01 6.67E−01 102.3 124.05 2.28E−01 3.33E−01 1517.5 1398 2 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 4 9 2.52E−02 3.33E−01 102.3 211.875 5.08E−01 6.67E−01 1517.5 1563.5 2 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 4 12 9.44E−05 1.30E−04 91.395 198.795 3.07E−01 2.47E−01 1918.8 1753.9 10 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 4 15 3.32E−01 3.33E−01 102.3 130.875 3.81E−01 6.67E−01 1517.5 1360 2 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 6 9 5.94E−01 6.86E−01 154.5938 178.1625 3.80E−03 2.86E−02 1390.75 1607 4 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 6 12 8.77E−01 7.30E−01 127.0167 132.9417 4.77E−01 2.58E−01 1709.7778 1845.8889 9 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 6 15 4.50E−01 8.41E−01 140.52 113.79 7.04E−01 5.48E−01 1443 1477 5 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 9 12 8.71E−01 6.86E−01 178.1625 170.8125 8.05E−01 8.86E−01 1607 1582.25 4 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 9 15 1.17E−01 2.00E−01 178.1625 124.7062 1.24E−01 2.00E−01 1607 1448 4 concentra- tion (mM) MgCl2 12 15 2.94E−01 3.43E−01 170.8125 124.7062 2.87E−01 3.43E−01 1582.25 1448 4 concentra- tion (mM) betaine 0 0.6 7.74E−01 6.86E−01 80.6063 73.725 3.70E−02 1.14E−01 1690.75 1540.5 4 concentra- tion (M) betaine 0 1 1.61E−01 1.65E−01 51.93 81.2025 3.55E−01 2.18E−01 2127.8 2006.9 10 concentra- tion (M) betaine 0.6 1 4.49E−01 1.00E+00 87.1 69.875 7.58E−01 1.00E+00 1618.3333 1596.6667 3 concentra- tion (M) betaine 1 1.5 7.73E−01 3.43E−01 101.215 86.115 8.82E−01 6.86E−01 2409.5 2430.5 4 concentra- tion (M) RT Maxima Revertaid 1.92E−02 3.33E−01 192 15.6375 1.66E−01 3.33E−01 1696 1603.5 2 enzyme H− Premium RT Revertaid SSRTII 2.47E−02 4.11E−02 148.2125 222.375 9.03E−02 1.32E−01 1423 1552.8333 6 enzyme H− RT SMARTscribe SSRTII — — 15.9 19.65 — — 1669 1683 1 enzyme RT SSRTII SSRTIII 1.21E−06 1.55E−04 252.3094 9.7031 8.59E−01 6.74E−01 1637.125 1618.875 8 enzyme RT 60@42 C., 60@50 C., 1.47E−01 3.33E−01 73.95 43.05 5.70E−01 1.00E+00 1628 1577.5 2 protocol then then 90@60 C. 90@42 C. RT 60@42 C., 90@42 C., 1.50E−01 3.33E−01 73.95 107.3625 3.70E−01 3.33E−01 1628 1719 2 protocol then 30@60 C., 90@60 C. then 30@42 C. RT 60@50 C., 90@42 C., 5.90E−02 2.00E−01 55.7437 110.7375 1.58E−01 1.46E−01 1515 1629 4 protocol then 30@60 C., 90@42 C. then 30@42 C. RT 90@42 C. 90@42 C., 3.09E−01 3.43E−01 173.1562 235.8 6.43E−01 4.86E−01 1877.5 1973 4 protocol then 10x (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C. 90@42 C., 6.72E−02 3.33E−01 101.55 109.8375 1.90E−01 3.33E−01 2075 2226 2 protocol then 10x (2@55 C.- 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C. 90@42 C., 8.90E−01 4.00E−01 158.45 170.475 6.57E−01 4.00E−01 1924.3333 2025.3333 3 protocol then 10x (2@60 C.- 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C. 90@42 C., 4.30E−01 6.67E−01 244.7625 278.1375 6.57E−01 6.67E−01 1680 1644.5 2 protocol then 15x (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C. 90@42 C., 8.51E−01 6.67E−01 244.7625 237.225 1.20E−01 3.33E−01 1680 1467 2 protocol then 20x (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C. 90@42 C., 2.86E−01 3.33E−01 244.7625 297.7125 4.87E−01 6.67E−01 1680 1738.5 2 protocol then 5x (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 5.04E−03 1.00E−01 165.375 105.925 5.96E−01 1.00E+00 2248.6667 2227.6667 3 protocol then 10x then 10x (2@50 C.- (2@55 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 5.23E−01 4.21E−01 206.295 175.17 9.27E−01 5.48E−01 2031.2 2015.4 5 protocol then 10x then 10x (2@50 C.- (2@60 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 7.32E−01 1.00E+00 291.125 300.3 1.71E−01 2.00E−01 1722.3333 1639.6667 3 protocol then 10x then 15x (2@50 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 4.97E−01 4.00E−01 246.875 196.375 7.32E−02 1.00E−01 1714 1521 3 protocol then 10x then 20x (2@50 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 9.92E−01 1.00E+00 291.125 291.25 5.65E−01 7.00E−01 1722.3333 1752.6667 3 protocol then 10x then 5x (2@50 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 2.69E−01 4.00E−01 105.925 114.775 2.23E−01 4.00E−01 2227.6667 2172.3333 3 protocol then 10x then 10x (2@55 C.- (2@60 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., — — 286.2 285.3 — — 1732 1610 1 protocol then 10x then 15x (2@60 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., — — 286.2 259.275 — — 1732 1525 1 protocol then 10x then 20x (2@60 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., — — 286.2 306.075 — — 1732 1706 1 protocol then 10x then 5x (2@60 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 2.94E−01 3.33E−01 278.1375 237.225 1.47E−01 3.33E−01 1644.5 1467 2 protocol then 15x then 20x (2@50 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 7.35E−01 1.00E+00 300.3 291.25 2.30E−02 1.00E−01 1639.6667 1752.6667 3 protocol then 15x then 5x (2@50 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@42 C., 90@42 C., 1.90E−01 3.33E−01 237.225 297.7125 8.13E−02 3.33E−01 1467 1738.5 2 protocol then 20x then 5x (2@50 C.- (2@50 C.- 2@42 C.) 2@42 C.) RT 90@50 C. 90@55 C. 3.50E−03 7.94E−03 62.595 12.24 2.09E−01 1.51E−01 2146.2 2051 5 protocol RT 90@50 C. 90@60 C. — — 164.4 6 — — 1858 1933 1 protocol PCR Advantage 2 KAPA 6.44E−01 7.55E−01 186.6375 171.0125 5.18E−01 5.90E−01 1929.4167 2029.5 12 enzyme Pol. HiFi HS PCR Advantage 2 Phusion 4.33E−01 4.86E−01 212.3625 182.6813 8.11E−01 3.43E−01 1701 1722.75 4 enzyme Pol. HS PCR Advantage 2 Q5 NEB 5.85E−02 2.86E−02 212.3625 133.8562 6.29E−01 3.43E−01 1701 1743.75 4 enzyme Pol. PCR KAPA Phusion 2.60E−01 3.43E−01 223.725 182.6813 7.49E−01 8.86E−01 1702 1722.75 4 enzyme HiFi HS HS PCR KAPA Q5 NEB 2.99E−02 2.86E−02 223.725 133.8562 4.93E−01 8.86E−01 1702 1743.75 4 enzyme HiFi HS PCR Phusion Q5 NEB 1.25E−01 1.14E−01 182.683 133.8562 5.99E−01 8.86E−01 1722.75 1743.75 4 enzyme HS purifica- 0 yes 6.77E−01 6.05E−01 186.85 203.225 3.44E−01 3.87E−01 2022.2222 1875.4444 9 tion. dNTPs 0 yes 4.55E−03 1.37E−02 193.6781 134.3812 3.44E−04 5.55E−05 1709.4167 2008.0833 24 added in the beginning other 0 0.816M 6.89E−04 1.00E−01 291.125 103.95 3.50E−03 1.00E−01 1722.3333 1093 3 additives 1,2 propandiol other 0 1.075M 1.82E−01 3.33E−01 299.025 178.4625 9.93E−02 3.33E−01 1707 1421.5 2 additives ethylene glycol other 0 3 mM 1.10E−01 3.33E−01 56.535 28.095 1.13E−01 3.33E−01 1930 1479.5 2 additives MnCl2 other 0 6 mM 1.05E−01 3.33E−01 56.535 16.95 1.03E−01 3.33E−01 1930 1213 2 additives MnCl2 other 0.3M 0.6M 8.18E−01 6.86E−01 77.0625 72.3563 4.45E−01 4.86E−01 1679 1634.25 4 additives trehalose trehalose other 0.816M 1.075M 2.82E−01 3.33E−01 104.4375 178.4625 3.99E−02 3.33E−01 1095 1421.5 2 additives 1,2 ethylene propandiol glycol other 3 mM 6 mM 1.45E−01 3.33E−01 28.095 16.95 1.46E−01 3.33E−01 1479.5 1213 2 additives MnCl2 MnCl2

TABLE S2 List of all template switching oligonucleotides tested. 5′-end 3′-end TSO blocking 5′-end 3′-end blocking name Sequence (5′->3′) groups modifications modifications groups 2OMe AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 3 Riboguanosines + 1 Guanosine 20′-Methyl ACrGrGrGmG C6 AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 3 Riboguanosines Aminolink Amino ACATrGrGrG C6 ddC AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 4 Riboguanosines + 1 — ACrGrGrGrGddC Dideoxycytosine dGCG AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 1 Guanosine + 1 Cytosine + 3 — GG ACGCGGG Guanosines dGCG AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 1 Guanosine + 1 Cytosine + 3 Phosphate GGp ACGCGGG Guanosines ISO iGiCiGAAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCA Methyl C5 isoGuanosine- 1 Riboguanosine + 1 Ribocytosine Phosphate GAGTACrGrCrGrGrG isoCytosine- + 3 Riboguanosines isoGuanosine rGrG + AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 2 Riboguanosines + 1 LNA- — G ACrGrG + G modified Guanosine rGrG + AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 2 Riboguanosines + 1 LNA- — N ACrGrG + N modified nucleotide (any) +G + AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 3 LNA-modified Guanosines — G + G AC + G + G + G rG + AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 2 LNA-modified Guanosines — G + G ACrG + G + G rGrGr AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 3 Riboguanosines — G ACATrGrGrG rG3p AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 3 Riboguanosines Phospate ACATrGrGrGp rG5 AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGT — — 5 Riboguanosines — ACrGrGrGrGrG

avg

purifica- PCR conc size 10 uM solution in RT oligo MgCl2 betaine tion PCR rxn vol sample cell type species (ng/ul) (bp) TSO

enzyme dT (mM) (M) after RT? enzyme (ul) notes HEK_2 HEK293T H. sapiens 10.778 1099 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 13 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_3 HEK293T H. sapiens 9.596 1142 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 14 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_4 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.160 1098 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 15 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_5 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.590 1203 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 16 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_6 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.210 1175 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 17 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_7 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.410 1136 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 18 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_8 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.184 1146 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 19 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_9 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.840 1141 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 20 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_10 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.130 1088 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 21 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_12 HEK293T H. sapiens 9.095 1106 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 23 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_13 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.490 1017 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 24 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_14 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.640 1046 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 25 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_16 HEK293T H. sapiens 17.225 1072 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 27 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_SMRT_1 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.760 1429 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_2 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.304 1411 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_3 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.544 1424 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_4 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.422 1457 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_18 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.208 1384 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 40 u SSRT II dT30VN HEK_19 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.512 1541 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 40 u SSRT II dT30VN HEK_20 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.550 1614 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 40 u SSRT II dT30VN HEK_21 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.240 1492 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 40 u SSRT II dT30VN HEK_22 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.957 1222 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 40 u SSRT II dT30VN HEK_23 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.872 1392 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 40 u SSRT II dT30VN HEK_24 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.315 1326 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 40 u SSRT II dT30VN HEK_25 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.462 1474 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_26 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.248 1441 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_27 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.244 1487 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_28 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.262 1496 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_29 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.761 1402 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_31 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.594 1583 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_32 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.457 1347 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_33 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.473 1507 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_34 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.315 1501 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_35 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.744 1917 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_37 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.531 1626 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_38 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.344 1870 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_39 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.453 1968 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_40 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.580 1958 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_41 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.382 1202 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_42 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.392 1288 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_43 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.844 1319 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_44 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.582 1452 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_45 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.682 1312 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_46 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.692 1411 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_47 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.716 1337 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_48 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.578 1391 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_49 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.681 1440 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_50 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.158 1507 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_51 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.710 1389 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_52 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.050 1463 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_53 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.714 1384 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_54 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.637 1509 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_55 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.338 1873 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_56 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.258 1846 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_57 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.012 1798 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_58 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.763 1734 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_59 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.837 1833 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_60 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.889 1758 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_61 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.733 1841 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_62 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.430 1849 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_63 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.758 1845 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_64 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.948 1907 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_65 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.364 1837 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_66 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.897 1821 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_67 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.721 1746 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_68 HEK293T H. sapiens 5.123 1699 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_69 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.499 1892 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_70 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.632 1715 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_71 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.614 1438 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_72 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.343 1535 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_73 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.618 1570 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_74 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.037 1611 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_75 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.862 1494 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_76 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.560 1567 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_77 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.609 1604 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_78 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.748 1392 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_79 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.876 2093 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_80 HEK293T H. sapiens 6.017 1975 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_81 HEK293T H. sapiens 5.110 1834 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_82 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.659 1912 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_83 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.820 1848 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_84 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.875 1941 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_85 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.477 2003 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_86 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.162 1784 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_87 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.539 1964 rGrG + G 1 Maxima SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 H minus dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_88 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.526 1860 rGrG + G 1 Maxima SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 H minus dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_89 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.288 1881 rGrG + G 1 Maxima SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 H minus dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_90 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.650 1560 rGrG + G 1 Maxima SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 H minus dT30 HiFi HS HEK_91 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.341 1852 rGrG + G 1 Maxima SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 H minus dT30 HiFi HS HEK_92 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.354 1783 rGrG + G 1 Maxima SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 H minus dT30 HiFi HS HEK_93 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.520 1939 rGrG + N 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_94 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.722 1740 rGrG + N 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_95 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.485 1740 rGrG + N 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_96 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.090 1833 rGrG + N 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_97 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.856 1731 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_98 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.776 1881 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_99 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.954 1730 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_100 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.836 1909 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_101 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.266 1750 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_102 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.530 1850 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_103 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.883 1703 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_105 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.105 1929 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_106 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.580 2009 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_107 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.572 1910 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_108 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.496 1973 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_109 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.459 1908 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_110 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.591 1921 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_111 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.841 1972 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_112 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.279 1916 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_113 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.123 1648 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_114 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.526 1845 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_115 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.084 1569 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_116 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.511 1628 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_117 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.690 1823 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_118 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.454 1774 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_119 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.361 1598 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_120 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.215 1935 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_121 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.434 1682 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_122 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.739 1553 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_123 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.599 1688 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_124 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.301 1617 rGrG + N 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_135 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.784 1810 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 2x dCTP dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_136 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.311 1990 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 2x dCTP dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_137 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.895 1829 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 2x dCTP dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_138 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.318 1948 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 2x dCTP dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_139 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.853 1704 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 2x dCTP dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_140 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.009 1833 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 2x dCTP (NOT SINGLE CELL) dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_141 HEK293T H. sapiens 5.230 1820 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_144 HEK293T H. sapiens 4.803 1766 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HEK_145 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.166 1619 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_146 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.283 1552 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_147 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.099 1316 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_148 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.191 1339 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 HEDGEHOG PATTERN dT30VN HEK_149 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.560 1426 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_150 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.830 1508 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN HEK_151 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.220 1220 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30 HEK_152 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.654 1534 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 HEDGEHOG PATTERN dT30 HEK_153 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.039 1655 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30 HEK_154 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.001 1837 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30 HEK_155 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.378 1846 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30 HEK_156 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.065 1853 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30 HEK_157 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.621 1772 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30 HEK_158 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.418 1706 rGrG + G 2 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30 HEK_SMRT_5 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.128 1495 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_6 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.042 1469 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_7 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.207 1359 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_8 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.246 1340 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_9 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.152 1455 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_10 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.256 1228 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_11 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.072 1238 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN HEK_SMRT_12 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.256 1292 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 6 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN C_1 C2C12 M. musculus 3.003 1696 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS C_2 C2C12 M. musculus 1.110 1772 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS C_3 C2C12 M. musculus 1.157 1660 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS C_4 C2C12 M. musculus 1.965 1674 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS C_5 C2C12 M. musculus 2.884 1708 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS C_6 C2C12 M. musculus 2.325 1646 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS C_7 C2C12 M. musculus 1.941 1577 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS C_8 C2C12 M. musculus 2.248 1666 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS C_9 C2C12 M. musculus 1.379 1614 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS C_10 C2C12 M. musculus 1.832 1809 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS C_11 C2C12 M. musculus 3.644 1735 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS C_12 C2C12 M. musculus 1.245 1735 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS C_13 C2C12 M. musculus 1.913 1896 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS C_14 C2C12 M. musculus 1.703 1836 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS C_15 C2C12 M. musculus 1.588 1937 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS C_16 C2C12 M. musculus 1.730 1937 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_1 MEF M. musculus 0.999 1397 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_2 MEF M. musculus 2.862 1710 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_3 MEF M. musculus 1.571 1577 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_4 MEF M. musculus 1.120 1489 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_5 MEF M. musculus 2.121 1672 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_6 MEF M. musculus 5.025 1610 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_7 MEF M. musculus 5.874 1065 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_8 MEF M. musculus 1.272 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_9 MEF M. musculus 1.650 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_10 MEF M. musculus 2.071 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_11 MEF M. musculus 0.755 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_12 MEF M. musculus 7.528 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_13 MEF M. musculus 2.271 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_14 MEF M. musculus 2.327 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_15 MEF M. musculus 3.149 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_16 MEF M. musculus 2.045 ? rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_17 MEF M. musculus 0.497 1803 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_18 MEF M. musculus 0.427 1879 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_19 MEF M. musculus 0.406 1873 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_20 MEF M. musculus 0.680 1984 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_21 MEF M. musculus 0.429 1738 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_22 MEF M. musculus 0.634 2089 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_23 MEF M. musculus 0.722 2019 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_24 MEF M. musculus 0.397 1881 rGrGrG 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_25 MEF M. musculus 0.981 2007 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN MEF_26 MEF M. musculus 0.626 1827 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN MEF_28 MEF M. musculus 0.656 1979 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN MEF_29 MEF M. musculus 1.356 2143 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN MEF_30 MEF M. musculus 1.242 2137 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN MEF_31 MEF M. musculus 2.240 2015 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN MEF_32 MEF M. musculus 0.781 1817 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — Advantage 50 dT30VN MEF_33 MEF M. musculus 0.603 1781 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_34 MEF M. musculus 5.014 1894 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_35 MEF M. musculus 1.651 2064 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_36 MEF M. musculus 1.017 1773 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_37 MEF M. musculus 1.119 1783 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_38 MEF M. musculus 0.681 1659 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_39 MEF M. musculus 1.444 1469 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS MEF_40 MEF M. musculus 0.845 1401 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS SMRT_1 C2C12 M. musculus 0.063 1170 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_2 C2C12 M. musculus 0.165 1127 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_3 C2C12 M. musculus 0.130 1169 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_4 C2C12 M. musculus 0.091 1325 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_5 C2C12 M. musculus 0.036 1282 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_6 C2C12 M. musculus 0.135 1373 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_7 C2C12 M. musculus 0.161 1525 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_8 C2C12 M. musculus 0.178 1314 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_9 C2C12 M. musculus 0.036 1363 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_10 C2C12 M. musculus 0.129 1261 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_11 C2C12 M. musculus 0.080 1234 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_12 C2C12 M. musculus 0.111 1447 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_14 C2C12 M. musculus 0.081 1408 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN SMRT_16 C2C12 M. musculus 0.074 1280 SMARTer 1 SMARTscribe SMARTer 12 1 yes Advantage 50 Oligo IIA dT30VN BC_1 B-cells H. sapiens 0.826 1657 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_3 B-cells H. sapiens 1.091 1659 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_4 B-cells H. sapiens 0.401 1649 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_5 B-cells H. sapiens 0.501 1547 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_6 B-cells H. sapiens 0.573 1534 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_7 B-cells H. sapiens 0.328 1343 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_8 B-cells H. sapiens 0.661 1607 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_9 B-cells H. sapiens 0.500 1605 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_10 B-cells H. sapiens 0.840 1782 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_11 B-cells H. sapiens 0.829 1813 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_12 B-cells H. sapiens 0.648 1642 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_13 B-cells H. sapiens 0.297 1815 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_15 B-cells H. sapiens 0.982 1825 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_159 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.057 1464 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 15 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_160 HEK293T H. sapiens 3.506 1799 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 15 1 — KAPA 25 Could be a cell aggregate dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_161 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.027 1611 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 15 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_162 HEK293T H. sapiens 2.513 1714 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 15 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_163 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.558  909 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 20 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_164 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.490 1397 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 20 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_165 HEK293T H. sapiens 0.606 1334 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 20 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS HEK_166 HEK293T H. sapiens 1.203 1515 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 20 1 — KAPA 25 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_17 B-cells H. sapiens 0.393 1603 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 — — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_19 B-cells H. sapiens 0.216 1730 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 — — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_20 B-cells H. sapiens 0.074 1131 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 — — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_21 B-cells H. sapiens 0.126 1445 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 — — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_22 B-cells H. sapiens 0.325 1702 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 — — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_23 B-cells H. sapiens 0.183 1756 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 — — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_24 B-cells H. sapiens 0.097 1338 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 — — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_25 B-cells H. sapiens 0.826 1657 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_26 B-cells H. sapiens 1.091 1659 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_27 B-cells H. sapiens 0.401 1649 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_28 B-cells H. sapiens 0.501 1547 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_29 B-cells H. sapiens 0.573 1534 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_30 B-cells H. sapiens 0.328 1343 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_31 B-cells H. sapiens 0.661 1607 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_32 B-cells H. sapiens 0.500 1605 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_33 B-cells H. sapiens 0.840 1782 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_34 B-cells H. sapiens 0.829 1813 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_35 B-cells H. sapiens 0.648 1642 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_36 B-cells H. sapiens 0.297 1815 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_37 B-cells H. sapiens 0.982 1825 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS BC_38 B-cells H. sapiens 0.853 1795 rGrG + G 1 SSRTII SMARTer 12 1 — KAPA 50 dT30VN HiFi HS

indicates data missing or illegible when filed

TABLE S4 Detailing variants of the Smart-seq2 protocol Bead purification Protocol amount ISO before pre- name TSO (ul) amplification? DNA Polymerase Smart- rGrG + G 1 ul (10 uM) no KAPA HiFi seq2 HotStart ReadyMix Variant 1 rGrG + G 2 ul (10 uM) no KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix Variant 2 rGrG + N 2 ul (10 uM) no KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix Variant 3 rGrG + G 1 ul (10 uM) no Advantage 2 Variant 4 rGrGrG 1 ul (10 uM) no KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix SMARTer SMARTer 1 ul (12 uM) yes Advantage 2 Oligo IIA 

1. A method for preparing DNA that is complementary to an RNA molecule, comprising the steps of: annealing a cDNA synthesis primer to said RNA molecule and synthesizing a first cDNA strand to form an RNA-cDNA intermediate; conducting a reverse transcriptase reaction by contacting said RNA-cDNA intermediate with a template switching oligonucleotide (TSO), wherein the TSO comprises a locked nucleic acid (LNA) at its 3′-end, under conditions suitable for extension of the first DNA strand that is complementary to the RNA molecule, rendering it additionally complementary to the TSO; and optionally amplifying said DNA strand that is complementary to said RNA molecule and said template switching oligonucleotide using an oligonucleotide primer, wherein optionally said RNA is total RNA in a cell.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said reverse transcription reaction is conducted in the presence of a methyl group donor and a metal salt.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said methyl group donor is betaine.
 4. The method of claim 2, wherein said metal salt is magnesium salt.
 5. The method of claim 4, wherein said magnesium salt has a concentration of at least 7 mM, at least 8 mM, or at least 9 mM.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said template switching oligonucleotide comprises at least one or two ribonucleotide residues and said LNA residue.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said at least one or two ribonucleotide residues are riboguanine.
 8. The method of claim 6, wherein said locked nucleic acid residue is selected from the group consisting of locked guanine, locked adenine, locked uracil, locked thymine, locked cytosine, and locked 5-methylcytosine.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein said locked nucleic acid residue is locked guanine.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said locked nucleic acid residue is at the 3′-most position.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said template switching oligonucleotide comprises at the 3′-end three nucleotide residues characterized by formula rGrG+N, wherein +N represents a locked nucleotide residue.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein said template switching oligonucleotide comprises rGrG+G.
 13. The method of claim 2, wherein said methyl group donor is betaine, and said metal salt is MgCl₂ at a concentration of at least 9 mM.
 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising amplifying said DNA strand that is complementary to said RNA molecule and said template switching oligonucleotide using an oligonucleotide primer.
 15. The method of claim 1, wherein said template switching oligonucleotide is selected from the oligonucleotides in Table S2.
 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the cDNA is synthesized on beads comprising an anchored oligo-dT primer.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein said oligo-dT primer comprises a sequence of 5′-AAGCAGTGGTATCAACGCAGAGTACT₃₀VN-3′, wherein “N” is any nucleoside base, and “V” is selected from the group consisting of “A”, “C” and “G”.
 18. The method of claim 14, further comprising PCR preamplification, tagmentation, and final PCR amplification, wherein optionally the PCR preamplification is conducted without purifying the cDNA obtained from reverse transcription reaction.
 19. (canceled)
 20. (canceled)
 21. A cDNA library produced by the method of claim
 1. 22. (canceled)
 23. A method for analyzing gene expression in a plurality of single cells, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a cDNA library according to the method of claim 1; and sequencing the cDNA library.
 24. A template switching oligonucleotide (TSO) comprising a locked nucleotide residue at its 3′-end.
 25. The TSO of claim 24, comprising three nucleotide residues at the 3′-end selected from the group consisting of +N+N+N, N+N+N, NN+N, rN+N+N, and rNrN+N, wherein N at each occurrence is independently a deoxyribonucleotide residue, rN at each occurrence is independently a ribonucleotide residue, and +N at each occurrence is independently a locked nucleotide residue.
 26. The TSO of claim 24, wherein said locked nucleotide residue is selected from the group consisting of locked guanine, locked adenine, locked uracil, locked thymine, locked cytosine, and locked 5-methylcytosine.
 27. The TSO of claim 25, wherein said three nucleotide residues are selected from the group consisting of NN+G rNrN+G, rGrG+N, GG+N, rGrG+G, and GG+G.
 28. (canceled)
 29. (canceled)
 30. (canceled) 